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　　所謂轉(zhuǎn)述能力，是指需要通過明顯地改變原句表達(dá)方式或者濃縮、提煉核心意思去改寫原文。下面環(huán)球教育小編就和大家分享如何訓(xùn)練托福寫作的概括能力的內(nèi)容。

　　>>> 方法一：同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換法

　　Youngsters who watched educational children’s television for several hours a week had higher scores on academic tests three years later.

　　尋找youngsters, educational children’s television, several, higher scores等單詞或短語的同義詞，原句轉(zhuǎn)述為：

　　Young children who watched a few hours of educational programs a week had better test scores three years later.

　　>>> 方法二：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法

　　Telecommuting can bring numerous benefits to both employees and employers.

　　轉(zhuǎn)化為benefit(動詞)：

　　Both employees and employers can benefit from telecommuting.

　　轉(zhuǎn)化為beneficial(形容詞)：

　　Telecommuting is beneficial to both employees and employers.

　　beneficiaries(名詞，表示人)：

　　Both employees and employers can be beneficiaries of telecommuting.

　　>>> 方法三：主動和被動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換法

　　For the price of one regular paperback novel, several book files could be purchased.

　　將原句的被動語態(tài)(could be purchased)轉(zhuǎn)化為主動語態(tài)(people could purchase)：

　　For the same price as one paperback novel, people could purchase several book files.

　　>>> 方法四：句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換法

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換法是最為常用的方法——通過將句子間結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換，進(jìn)而對原有的句子進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)述。句子間結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換，即包括簡單句、并列句和從句間的轉(zhuǎn)換，也包括不同從句(包括賓語從句、定語從句、狀語從句、同位語從句等)之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換，以及不同句型結(jié)構(gòu)的使用(包括形式主語結(jié)構(gòu)、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、插入語結(jié)構(gòu)、非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)等)。

　　(1)簡單句和從句子間的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　There has been an upsurge in the prevalence of electronic books due to rapid advancements in technology.(簡單句)

　　Because there have been rapid advancements in technology, the prevalence of electronic books has experienced an upsurge.(原因狀語從句)

　　(2)賓語從句和定語從句間的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　The study suggests that television may have a positive influence on children’s intellectual development. (賓語從句)

　　According to the study, television may positively influence the way that children’s intelligence develops. (定語從句)

　　(3)非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)的使用

　　If students can receive instructions at home on the television, they can save time, money, and fuel on transportation.(條件狀語從句)

　　Receiving instructions from television at home, students can save time,money, and fuel on transportation. (非謂語結(jié)構(gòu))

　　The carbon dioxide leads to the worldwide greenhouse effect, which causes the sea level to rise and produces negative impacts on weather.(定語從句)

　　The carbon dioxide raises the sea level and negatively influences weather, leadingto the greenhouse effect worldwide.(非謂語結(jié)構(gòu))

　　在綜合寫作寫作過程中，句子轉(zhuǎn)述的四種方法很少“單獨(dú)使用”，而往往“組合使用”。

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