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托福寫作句式的運用

2020-10-30

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托福寫作句式的運用,拿以下這個題目舉例：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

The main role of a university professor is to educate students rather than to do research.

我們一起來看我的一位獨立寫作已經拿到good這個分數的學生寫的一個主體段。這位學生選擇的立場是教授應該要更側重做研究，他寫的第一點是論證教授做研究對他們自己帶來的好處。

To begin with, fruitful and professional research experience would be thecornerstone for the professors' careers. By that I mean that these research fruits of professors can not only guarantee their personal income, but also help themselves gain applause and praise, and it is a primary source of professor's sense of accomplishment and satisfaction. For example, Professor Zhenning Yang, who is the American Chinese Nobel Prize winner in physics, allocated most of working time to conducting relevant survey. Thanks to his fruit in physics, Nobel committee offered a huge prize of about 1 million dollars to him. What is more, Mr. Yang also established a worldwide fame through his research, and he made himself the most popular teacher all over the world. On the contrary, if he only knew teaching without so much dedication to academic survey, he could not make this marvelous accomplishment and enjoy such a position in his field.

看這位學生寫的主體段，我們會發現學生的基礎很好，詞匯用得很高級，但是句式只有屈指可數的一個非限定性定語從句：“Professor Zhenning Yang, who is the American Chinese Nobel Prize winner in physics, allocated most of working time to conducting relevant survey.”其余的句式大部分是簡單句，這也是獨立寫作不能拿到28 分左右的問題所在。那么我們來看一看能不能變下魔術，把簡單句變成拿的復雜句。

1. 首先，“By that I mean that these research fruits of professors can not only guarantee their personal income, but also help themselves gain applause and praise, and it is a primary source of professor's sense of accomplishment and satisfaction.”句中的“and it is”此處可以改成非限制性定語從句，我們可以改成用“which”代替逗號前面整個句子，整句就變成By that I mean that these research fruits of professors can not only guarantee their personal income, but also help themselves gain applause and praise, which is a primary source of professor's sense of accomplishment and satisfaction. 以后的寫作中，凡是指代前面的整句話引出結果的時候，我們都可以運用非限制性定語從句。

2. Professor Zhenning Yang, who is the American Chinese Nobel Prize winner in physics, allocated most of working time to conducting relevant survey.”，中的“who is the American Chinese Nobel Prize winner in physics,”可以改成同位語，同位語也是做解釋或者補充說明的作用，非常簡單，只需要把“who is”劃掉就可以了，于是整句變為Professor Zhenning Yang, the American Chinese Nobel Prize winner in physics, allocated most of working time to conducting relevant survey. 同位語一般可以放在舉例時引出的人名、地名和物名的后面，起解釋或補充之作用。學會之后，以后舉例的時候就可以運用同位語了。

3. 再次，“What is more, Mr. Yang also established a worldwide fame through his research, and he made himself the most popular teacher all over the world.”句子的 “and he made”處，因為前面兩個單句的主語是一樣的，可以改成分詞引導的從句，整句就變成What is more, Mr. Yang also established a worldwide fame through his research, making himself the most popular teacher all over the world. 以后的寫作凡是這樣兩個主語一樣的單句，都可以運用分詞引導的從句。

4. 最后，“On the contrary, if he only knew teaching without so much dedication to academic survey, he could not make this marvelous accomplishment and enjoy such a position in his field.”這個句子可以改成虛擬語氣就高級了，因為前面的例子用的是過去時，所以就改成對過去行為的虛擬語氣，只需要在時態上做下微調即可，即On the contrary, if he had only known teaching without so much dedication to academic survey, he could not have made this marvelous accomplishment and enjoyed such a position in his field. 以后的寫作，凡是有這種對比論證的，我們都可以運用虛擬語氣。

現在我們再看一看改好的主體段：

To begin with, fruitful and professional research experiences would be the cornerstone for the professors' careers. By that I mean that these research fruits of professors can not only guarantee their personal income, but also help themselves gain applause and praise, which is a primary source of professor's sense of accomplishment and satisfaction. For example, Professor Zhenning Yang, the American Chinese Nobel Prize winner in physics, allocated most of working time to conducting relevant survey. Thanks to his fruit in physics, Nobel committee offered a huge prize of about 1million dollars to him. What is more, Mr.Yang also established a worldwide fame through his research, making himself the most popular teacher all over the world. On the contrary, if he had only known teaching without so much dedication to academic survey, he could not have made this marvelous accomplishment and enjoyed such a position in his field.

如此，此主體段就有四處不一樣的句式了，既體現了高級性又展示了多樣性，再加上好的詞匯表達，定能拿到寫作。同學們要在寫作中多用上句式，比如：非限制性定語從句，同位語，分詞引導的從句和虛擬語氣。

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